Histopathology & Cytopathology

Molecular pathology Molecular pathology is mainly focused upon the study and diagnosis of disease through the examination of molecules within organs, tissues or bodily fluids. It is multidisciplinary by nature and shares some aspects of practice with anatomic pathology and clinical pathology, molecular biology, biochemistry, proteomics and genetics.

It is often applied in a context that is as much scientific as directly medical and encompasses the development of molecular and genetic approaches to the diagnosis and classification of human diseases, the design and validation of predictive biomarkers for treatment response and disease progression, and the susceptibility of individuals of different genetic constitution to particular disorders. Techniques used are based on analysing samples of DNA and RNA. 

Molecular pathology is widely used for gene therapy and disease diagnosis. Pathology and epidemiology share the same goal of elucidating etiology of disease, and molecular pathological epidemiology aims to achieve the goal at molecular, individual and population levels. Each patient has a unique disease process, by considering the uniqueness of the exposome and its unique influence on molecular pathologic process. By this concept it has been adopted in clinical medicine along with precision medicine and personalized medicine.