Histopathology & Cytopathology

Clinical pathology, laboratory medicine, clinical/medical biology, clinical analysis are the  medical specialty which is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids, such as blood, urine, and tissue homogenates. Clinical pathologists are often medical doctors in some countries. Clinical pathologists work in close collaboration with medical technologists, hospital administrations, and referring physicians. Overlap between anatomic and clinical pathology is expanding to molecular diagnostics and proteomics as we move towards making the best use of new technologies for personalized medicine. Clinical pathologists learn to administer a number of visual and microscopic tests and an especially large variety of tests of the biophysical properties of tissue samples involving automated analysers and cultures. Sometimes the general term "laboratory medicine specialist" is used to refer to those working in clinical pathology, including medical doctors, Ph.D. and doctors of pharmacology.